Bioclimatic architecture is a sector dominated by the principles of ecology and sustainability. The term 'bioclimatic design' implies a design whose objective is to protect the environment and natural resources. The goal of bioclimatic architecture is to create urban areas and buildings to fully cover their energy needs without inducing environmental damage . The construction sector is responsible for almost 40% of the total final energy consumption nationwide. This consumption, either in the form of heat, using mainly oil, or electricity. In addition to being a significant economic burden due to the high cost of energy, it results in large-scale air pollution, primarily carbon dioxide. Reducing energy consumption in buildings can be achieved through simple methods and techniques using appropriate building design, which is when bioclimatic architecture emerges , through energy efficient systems and technologies such as passive solar systems.
What is bioclimatic arquitecture? bioclimatic architectureBioclimatic architecture refers to the design of buildings and spaces, interiors and exteriors, based on the local climate, with the aim of providing thermal and visual comfort . This is achieved through the use of solar energy and other environmental sources. The basic elements of bioclimatic design with passive solar systems that were incorporated into Phone Lead buildings and use environmental sources. For example: sun, air, wind, vegetation, water, soil, sky; to heat, cool and light buildings. Principles of bioclimatic architecture Bioclimatic design takes into account the local climate and includes the following principles: Thermal protection in buildings in winter and summer. Using appropriate techniques that are applied to the external envelope of the building, especially through adequate insulation. Use of solar energy to heat buildings in the winter season and natural lighting throughout the year.
This is achieved by proper orientation of buildings and especially their openings (preferably facing south). By arranging interior spaces according to their heating requirements, passive solar systems collect solar radiation and act as natural heating. Protection of buildings from the summer sun, mainly by shading, but also the appropriate treatment of the building envelope, i.e. the use of reflective colors and surfaces. Removal of heat that accumulates in the building in summer to the surrounding environment through natural means. Improve the adjustment of environmental conditions inside buildings so that their inhabitants find them comfortable and pleasant, that is, increase the movement of air within the spaces. The relationship between bioclimatic architecture and landscape architecture Location Proper site and building design allow the utilization of solar radiation during the cold season and protect the building from overheating from the sun during the hot season. Reflexivity When designing the flooring of the exposed surface near the building, special care must be taken to avoid the use of highly reflective materials , such as cement slabs, asphalt, among others. Also to prefer vegetation with grass or other species of ground cover plants that absorb a significant proportion of incident solar radiation and heat.